农村小学全科教师职前专业发展及其培养途径

The Development and Training Pre-service Professional of Rural Primary School Teachers of General Subjects

农村小学全科教师应具有"专业理念与师德+全面知识+综合能力"的素养结构,而此种素养结构的形成,关键在于农村小学全科教师职前课程设计和教学设计的合理性与适切性,既体现"全科"性,又凸显"农村"性。通过设计"通识教育课程+专业教育课程+教师教育课程+实践教学课程"的"全科化"课程体系,将通识教育课程生活化设计,理论课程实践性渗透设计,技能课程理论性透视设计,"农村"特色课程乡土化设计,教育实践课程体验式设计,从而培育出"两专多能"具有乡村情怀的农村小学全科教师。

Rural elementary teachers of integrated-disciplines should have a literacy structure of"professional philosophy and teacher morality,comprehensive knowledge and integrated capability".The key to the formation of this quality structure lies in the rationality and creativity of the curriculum design and teaching design of the pre-service training of rural elementary teachers of integrated-disciplines,which reflects the"general"and highlights the"rural"characteristics.Through the design of"generalized"curriculum system of"general education courses,professional education courses,teacher education courses,and practical teaching courses",we need to make the general education curriculum more practical,theory curriculum more penetrating,skill curriculum more permeating,"rural"characteristic curriculum more localized,so as to cultivate the"two professional and multi-functional"rural primary school with rural characteristics teachers of the subject.