中国教育发展的政策环境影响与未来改革的总体要求

The Impact of the Policy Environment of China’s Educational Development and the Overall Requirements of Future Reforms

近些年,我国学前教育、义务教育等各级各类教育政策都作出重大调整,迎来新的发展和变化。在此背景下,剖析我国教育政策的经济环境、政治环境、文化环境等面临的制约要素和改进路径具有重要意义。经济环境是教育政策目标得以实现的物质基础;政治环境决定了教育政策改革的性质及发展方向;文化环境是教育政策改革有效实施的非正式制度约束。"十四五"期间我国教育改革需要从以下四个方面着手:实现教育多样化发展,促进教育公平;实现教育国际化发展,办人民满意的教育;实现教育现代化,使教育发展更具中国特色;深化教育综合改革,实现教育跨越式发展。

In recent years,China’s educational policies have made major adjustments and ushered in new development and changes in preschool education,compulsory education,high school education,higher education,vocational education,private education,adult education and so on.In this context,it is of great significance to analyze the economic,political and cultural environment of China’s education policy.Economic environment is the material basis for the realization of educational policy objectives;political environment determines the nature and development direction of educational policy reform;cultural environment is the informal institutional constraint for the effective implementation of educational policy reform.During the period of the 14 th"Five-Year Plan",China’s education reform needs to start from the following four aspects:realizing the diversified development of education and promoting educational equity;realizing the international development of education and running the people’s satisfactory education;realizing the modernization of education and making the development of education with more Chinese characteristics;deepening the comprehensive reform of education and realizing the leap-forward development of education.