我国教育政策过程的前瞻性研究

A Prospective Study of the Educational Policy Process in China

教育政策决策、执行、评价形成教育政策过程。对我国教育政策过程的现状及存在的问题进行爬梳,发现教育政策决策存在地方参与空间有限、忽视"事前预防"、公众参与渠道不畅通;教育政策执行存在象征性执行、照搬性执行、选择性执行、替代性执行;以及教育政策评价实践模式效度不高"、第三方"教育政策评价机构不健全、教育政策评价标准缺乏科学性等问题。针对这些问题,应从机制、制度、评价标准层面采取重视多元主体参与、畅通教育政策决策途径、构建教育政策执行的制度框架、遵循教育政策执行合理性与合法性相统一、形成教育政策执行网络路径、构建教育政策评价的实践模式、培育"第三方"教育政策评价机构以及加强教育政策评价标准研究等改进策略,从而为教育政策过程的前瞻性研究提供学理依据和实践框架。

The implementation and evaluation of educational policies form the process of educational policies.By analyzing the current situation and existing problems of the educational policy process in China,we found that there are some problems,such as the limited space for local participation,the neglect of prevention,the blocked public participation channels,symbolical,selective and alternative educational policy implementation,ineffectiveness of practical educational policy evaluation model,the imperfect"Third-party"educational policy evaluation organization and the un-scientific educational policy evaluation standard.In view of the problems,the paper puts forward some improvement strategies from the aspects of mechanism,system and evaluation standard,such as attaching importance to the participation of multiple subjects,unblocking the educational policy decision-making approaches,forming the institutional framework,obeying the educational policy implementation unity of the rationality and legality,forming the educational policy implementation network approaches,constructing practical mode of educational policy evaluation,cultivating the"Third-party"educational evaluation institutions and enhancing educational policy evaluation criteria research,so as to provide the theoretical and practical framework for the prospective study of educational policy process.