新高考背景下的异地高考:现状、问题与对策

The Off-site College Entrance Examinations Under the Background of New College Entrance Examination: Status Quo, Problems and Countermeasure

新高考勾勒教育与考试公平的崭新图景,异地高考作为完善新高考招生制度的合理补充,体现出时代关怀、社会需求与公平理念。当前我国各地区异地高考政策已取得积极成效,具体表现为:户籍与招生考试制度有所剥离,家长与学生准入门槛逐渐降低,异地高考报名人数逐年增加,院校批次选择权限有所扩大。同时,新高考背景下异地高考也暴露一些现实问题,如异地高考需求与准入标准设置不相匹配、地方利益集团与非本地户籍群体利益缺乏共识、政府监管与高考移民治理体系尚未健全。为此,新高考背景下推进异地高考需要构建科学合理准入标准,进一步扩大院校选择权限;打造多元主体参与网络,建立健全利益诉求反馈机制;多方联动,形成全方位高考移民治理体系。

The new college entrance examination outlines a new picture of education and examination fairness.The off-site college entrance examination,as a reasonable supplement to improve the new college entrance examination system,embodies the concept of caring for the times,social needs and fairness.It is certain that the college entrance examination has achieved positive effects:the household registration,examination and enrollment system have been separated;the barriers to entry for parents and students have gradually removed;and the number of college entrance examination enrollment has increased year by year.School batch selection authority has been expanded.At the same time,some practical problems have also been exposed in the new college entrance examination system,including the mismatch between the needs of the off-site college entrance examination and the setting of access standards,the lack of consensus between the interests of local interest groups and foreign groups,and the government supervision and immigration governance system for the college entrance examination.It is believed that scientific and reasonable access standards should be established to further expand the choice of institutions of higher education so as to create a multi-subject participation network and establish a sound interest appeal feedback mechanism;and multiple parties need to cooperate to form a comprehensive college entrance examination immigration governance system.