城乡融合背景下乡村教师发展的政策重构

Policy Reconstruction of Teacher Development in Rural Areas in the Context of Urban-Rural Integration

乡村教师政策是发展乡村教育的制度保障,城乡融合特性是当前乡村教师政策制定的核心背景。新中国成立至新世纪初的乡村教师发展政策,在城乡二元结构的影响下,"效率主义"和"精英主义"占据了主流价值导向。同时受"偏城市化"的教育资源博弈结果的影响,乡村教育陷入困境。进入城乡融合发展阶段,"乡土复兴""以人为本"的理念开始影响乡村教师政策制定过程中价值合理性、合法性以及有效性的选择。为促进我国乡村教育的长效良性发展,需要通过对乡村教师要求政策的高标准化、待遇政策的高水平化以及配套实施政策的规范化,重构乡村教师政策体系。

The development of rural education needs a guarantee from rural teacher policy,meanwhile,urban-rural integration is the main background of rural teacher policies’formulation.There are two different stages in the history of rural teacher development policy.From the beginning of P.R.C to the beginning of 21 st century,due to the influence of dual urban-rural structures,efficiency and elitism had taken up the mainstream value orientation.By the result of the educational resource game of urbanization,rural education was in a difficult situation,through the increasing proportion of urban education resources.Rural-urban relations are gradually becoming integrated.In the stage of urban-rural integration and development,the concepts of"local rejuvenation"and"people-oriented"began to influence the choice of value rationality,legitimacy and effectiveness in the process of rural teachers’policy-making.In order to promote the long-term and benign development of rural education in our country,it is necessary to reconstruct the rural teacher policy system through high standardization of rural teacher demand policy,high level of the treatment policy and the standardization of the supporting implementation policy.