英国高校创业教育政策:变迁、特征与反思

The Entrepreneurship Policies of the Universities in UK:Transitions, Characteristics and Reflections

近30年来,英国为了促进高校创业教育发展,出台了一系列政策,借助多源流理论对英国高校创业教育政策变迁的动力进行分析,发现其能够推动"创业型大学"发展、形成以创业技能为核心的政策导向、强化创业课程改革及创业师资成长、推动"情景式"创业教学的发展、扩大创业教育的受众群体。英国高校创业教育政策特征启示我们,未来应着力健全创业教育组织,推进创业型大学发展;打造"三螺旋"体系,完善创业教育平台;推进创业师资队伍建设,提升专业化水平;改革创业课程及教学,提高创业教育质量;完善制度建设,营造优良创业文化氛围。

Based on the British entrepreneurship policies of higher education in past 30 years,the current research analyzes the transition impetus of entrepreneurship policy according to the multistreams theory.It shows that the policy features include promoting the development of"entrepreneurial universities",forming an entrepreneurial skills centered policy guidance,strengthening entrepreneurship curriculum reform and the development of entrepreneurship teachers,improving the"situational teaching"method and expanding the number of recipients of entrepreneurship education.The entrepreneurship education policies in UK enlighten that efforts should be made to improve entrepreneurship education organizations and promote the development of entrepreneurial university;create a"triple helix"system and improve entrepreneurship education platforms;promote the development of entrepreneurial staff to enhance their professional level;reform entrepreneurship curriculum and teaching to improve the quality of entrepreneurship education;and complete the system construction to create a perfect entrepreneurial environment.