《中庸》用《诗经》探析

The Study on The Doctrine of the Mean Quoting The Book of Songs

《诗经》的反复出现是《中庸》文本说理叙事的重要特征。儒家历来述而不作的传统、《诗经》的崇高地位以及二者思想观点的一致,共同构成了《中庸》用《诗经》的合理性,而借以提出观点、论证说理和援譬设喻,则是《中庸》用《诗经》的目的和意图。在《中庸》对《诗经》的引用中,我们能够发现《中庸》自身理性的思维结构和鲜明学派特征的体现,亦有助于认识《诗经》在结合系统思想与加强论证效果这两个方面的功能。《中庸》中诗句的引用是恰当而协调的,《诗经》在《中庸》文本的最终形成中发挥了重要作用。

The repeated appearance of The Book of Songs is an important feature of the narrative in the text of The Doctrine of the Mean.The Confucian tradition of“transmitting without making-up”,the lofty status of The Book of Songs,and the agreement of ideas together constitute the rationality of The Doctrine of the Mean quoting The Book of Songs,while proposing viewpoints,argumentation,and metaphors,is the purpose and intention of The Doctrine of the Mean quoting The Book of Songs.In the quotation of The Book of Songs by The Doctrine of the Mean,we can find the manifestation of the rational thinking structure and distinctive school characteristics of The Doctrine of the Mean;The investigation is also helpful to understand the functions of The Book of Songs in combining systematic thoughts and strengthening the effect of argumentation.The quotation of verses in The Doctrine of the Mean is appropriate and coordinated,and The Book of Songs played an important role in the final formation of the text of The Doctrine of the Mean.