论规范在亚里士多德实践哲学中的应有之位

On the Proper Status of Norms in Aristotle's Practical Philosophy

随着当代美德伦理学的勃兴,亚里士多德的伦理学往往被不加反思地冠之以德性论或者美德伦理学这一现代标签。尽管亚里士多德的伦理学对德性的探究系统详实,但是并不能为了刻意凸显德性在其伦理学中的重要性而完全忽视亚里士多德伦理学对规范的讨论。何为幸福以及如何达至幸福是亚里士多德实践哲学要探究的核心论题,而规范无论对于城邦幸福的实现还是对于个人幸福的实现都是不可或缺的。规范在其实践哲学中所享有的应有之位并不是偶然的和可有可无的,而是由人的自然或者内在的灵魂结构所必然决定的。因此,规范在亚里士多德实践哲学中具有不可或缺的作用。

With the flourish of modern virtue ethics,Aristotle's ethics is often referred to as the theory of virtue or virtue ethics without reflection.In spite of the systematic and detailed inquiry into virtue in Aristotle's ethics,the discussion of norms in Aristotle's ethics should not be completely ignored in order to deliberately highlight the importance of virtue in his ethics.What is eudaimonia and how to achieve eudaimonia is the core topic of Aristotle's practical philosophy to explore,and norms are indispensable for the realization of eudaimonia of city-state or individual eudaimonia.The proper status that norm enjoys in its practical philosophy is not accidental and dispensable,but determined by the nature of human beings or the inner soul structure.Therefore,norms play an indispensable role in Aristotle's philosophy of practice.