黑格尔的道德行动理论释义

Interpretation of Hegel’s Theory of Moral Action

在某种意义上,黑格尔的实践哲学可以被理解为一种行动哲学,它的对象包括形式法意义上的“人”(Person)的行动、道德主体的行动以及伦理主体的行动。黑格尔在《法哲学原理》“道德”篇的前两章(第105—128节)主要规定了道德行动的本质和结构,并讨论了道德行动的责任问题。对黑格尔的道德行动概念出现的语境、道德行动的结构、道德归责原则等方面的细致分析,将有助于我们理解黑格尔的道德行动理论在其法哲学体系以及德国古典法哲学中的意义。

Hegel’s philosophy of practice can be understood as one philosophy of action,which includes the action of the‘Person’in the sense of formal right,the action of the moral subject,and the action of the ethical subject.In the first two sections(§§105-128)of the“Morality”in Elements of Philosophy of Right,Hegel stipulates the nature of moral action and discusses the problem of responsibility for moral action.A careful analysis of the context in which Hegel’s concept of moral action appears,the structure of moral action,and the principles of moral responsibility will help us understand the significance of Hegel’s theory of moral action in his philosophy of right and in German classical philosophy of right.