语言的暴力与解放:从动物伦理到生命政治(下)

The Violence and Liberation of Language:From Animal Ethics to Bio-Politics( Part Two)

人与动物的区别不仅仅是动物伦理学的核心论题,而且同时也是解读人类政治的钥匙。在上篇中,我们已经从语言的角度谈了人与动物的区分之中所包含的暴力;并且,借助阿甘本的"人类学机器"概念,揭示了这种暴力与人类社会内部的生命政治之联系。在下篇中,我们将探讨从暴力中解放出来的几条具有代表性的思路。首先是以暴制暴的话语对抗,其次是让语言停顿和沉默,最后是追溯语言的伦理根基。经过这些探讨,我们认为,列维纳斯是一个非常关键的理论资源,尽管某些方面需要结合德里达的补充来看。

The difference between human beings and animals is not only the core issue of animal ethics,but also the key to explain human politics. In the previous part,we have,from the perspective of language,discussed the violence involved in the distinction between human beings and animals. And,with the help of agamben's concept of "anthropological machine",it reveals the connection between this violence and the biopolitics within human society. In this part,we will explore several ideas for liberation from violence. The first way is"answer violence with violence"or"words against words". The second way is to let the language standstill and stay silence. The third way is to trace the ethical foundation of language. After these discussions,we believe that levinas is a very critical theoretical resource,although some aspects need to be combined with the supplement of Derrida.