理智德性:值得钦慕的品质特征

Intellectual Virtues: Admirable Traits of Character

本文提出,无论是道德德性还是理智德性,都是值得钦慕的品质。在反思之后,我们会钦慕所有这样的德性。理智德性指向那些智识上深层的、后天获得的持久的特质。在实现真理时,它们不仅涉及值得钦慕的理智动机,还有可靠的过程。所有这些理智德性的特征,均可以通过反思我们在他人身上所钦慕的东西而得以辨识。钦慕会产生对值得钦慕的那些人的模仿,并因此激发出合情理的行为。与此同时,由于知识主要就是通过值得钦慕的(符合德性的)相信行为而获得真理,因此钦慕也是知识的基础。

This paper argues that both moral and intellectual virtues are admirable qualities,those we admire upon reflection.Intellectual virtues are deep and enduring acquired intellectual excellences that involve both admirable intellectual motivations and reliable success in reaching the truth.All of these features of intellectual virtues can be identified by reflecting upon what we admire in others.Admiration leads to emulation of admired others,so it motivates good behavior.It is also the basis of knowledge because knowledge consists in getting the truth through admirable(virtuous)believing.