接触理论视域下在校大学生对老年人态度:外/祖父母的影响

Undergraduates’Attitudes Towards Older Adults from the Perspective of the Contact Hypothesis:The Influence of Grandparents

运用接触理论,通过对河北省975名大学生的问卷调查,分析与外/祖父母接触对在校大学生对老年人态度的影响。研究发现:大学生对老年人持中立态度;隔代抚养经历、现在是否与外/祖父母同住,对在校大学生对老年人态度的影响并不明显,而与外/祖父母的关系、老年知识、与老年人交往技巧、照顾老人天数等,显著影响大学生对老年人态度,即与外/祖父母的接触质量而非接触数量会影响大学生对老年人态度;此外,学习老年相关课程、参与老年相关实践等,对大学生对老年人态度的影响均不显著。从增加积极代际接触、加强从小学到大学的老年教育等方面,对改善大学生对老年人态度进行了讨论与思考。

Based on the contact hypothesis,this paper conducted a questionnaire survey of 975 undergraduates in Hebei Province to analyze the influence of contact with grandparents on their attitudes towards older people.The results show that undergraduates hold a neutral attitude towards the elderly.Inter-generational rearing experience and whether they are living with their grandparents,have no significant impact on college students’attitudes toward older adults.Their relationship with grandparents,knowledge of older persons,skills to communicate with them,and time spent taking care of them have significant effects on their attitudes towards the elderly.That is,the quality of contact with grandparents,instead of the quantity,affects attitudes of students towards older people.In addition,learning age-related courses and participating in social practices have no significant effects on their attitudes towards the elderly.Finally,this paper discussed and considered how to improve college students’attitudes towards older people from the perspectives of increasing active inter-generational contact and promoting education from primary school to university.