践行积极老龄观:政策演进、基本遵循与路径展望

Practicing the Positive View on Aging:Policy Evolution,Basic Principles and Path Outlook

关于积极老龄观的学理性研究和政策实践因应推动老龄事业高质量发展和满足老年群体日益增长的美好生活需求的现实需要。通过梳理分析新时代践行积极老龄观的政策脉络与理论探索发现,积极老龄观的政策演进路径表现为:积极看待老年人的社会观念—部署老龄工作的政策理念—有效应对老龄社会的治理信念。将积极老龄观融入经济社会发展全过程已具备“两种生产”理论的有力支撑,并结合了我国老龄工作的丰富经验。据此提出践行积极老龄观的三个基本遵循,即:将确定老年的标准同时根植人的生理属性和社会属性;强化将家庭作为福利资源的输入单位;重视新媒体的积极老龄化话语传播。与之相对应的政策路径表现为:建构系统、标准的人口老龄化指标体系;综合运用发展性和救助性福利工具,强化家庭的养老功能;将传播学视角引入老年学研究。

The academic research and policy practice of the positive outlook on aging should be conducive to promoting the high-quality development of undertakings for the elderly and meeting the growing demands of older people for a better life.By combing and analyzing the policy evolution and theoretical exploration of the practice of positive outlook on aging in the New Era,we find that the policy evolution path of positive outlook of aging is as follows:the social perception of treating older people in a positive manner,the policy concept of deploying the aging-related work,and the governance belief of effectively responding to population aging.Integrating the positive outlook on aging into the whole process of economic and social development is supported by Two Production Theories and is based on China’s experience in the work of aging.Accordingly,we proposed the following three basic principles for practicing the positive outlook on aging:defining old age on the basis of both physical and social attributes of human beings,enhancing families’role of welfare resources and attaching importance to the dissemination of active aging through new media.The corresponding policy path is constructing a systematic and standard indicator system of population aging,using comprehensively developmental and rescue welfare tools to strengthen the function of family supporting for older persons,and introducing the communication perspective into gerontology research.