积极应对中国人口老龄化挑战的治理创新

Governance Innovation to Proactively Respond to the Challenge of Population Aging in China

积极应对人口老龄化挑战离不开治理维度。立足于政府、市场、社会三类行动主体的相互嵌入和互动联结,构建了“供给—需求—赋能”三个维度的老龄社会治理体系。研究发现,供给治理、需求治理与赋能治理的协同组合有力推进了有效供给、精准满足、参与共享“三位一体”老龄社会治理的平衡发展、多维互动和高效能。在人口老龄化治理转型过程中,政府、市场、社会三类行动主体相互嵌入,并形成强大动力与互补机制。创新和完善供给治理与需求治理是积极应对人口老龄化挑战的基石,赋能治理是在加强养老服务供给侧结构性改革和健全“一老一小”公共服务体系基础上的嵌入性治理,与供给治理、需求治理形成强大合力,进而推动中国人口老龄化迈向“善治”。

Actively responding to the challenge of population aging is inseparable from governance.On the basis of mutual embedding and interaction of three players,namely the government,the market and the society,a three-dimensional social governance model of“supply-demand-empowerment”is constructed.It is found that the synergistic combination of supply governance,demand governance and empowerment governance effectively promotes the balanced development,multi-dimensional interaction and good performance of the trinity of effective supply,accurate satisfaction and participation and sharing.During the transformation of population aging governance,the government,the market and the society are embedded into one another and form a strong driving force and complementary mechanism.Improved innovative supply and demand governance is the cornerstone of actively responding to the challenge of population aging,and empowerment governance is an embedded governance based on strengthening supply-side structural reform of eldercare services and improving the“one old and one small”public service system,forming a strong synergy with supply governance and demand governance,and thus promoting China’s population aging towards sound governance.