候鸟老年人互助组织的形成过程、建构主体和参与功能

The Formation, Constructive Subjects and Participation Function of Mutual Aid Organizations for Migrant Elders

从积极老龄化视角来考察候鸟老年人互助组织形成的内在机制。候鸟老年人互助组织的形成经历了需求发现、共识动员、活动筹划和身份获得四个阶段。候鸟老年人在旅居地居家养老面临孤独寂寞、无依无靠的困难,只是候鸟老年人互助组织形成的必要条件之一。创始人、候鸟老年人、政府、地产企业分别在参与互助组织建构过程中扮演关键主体、志愿主体、权威主体、市场主体的角色。互助组织为候鸟老年人提供兴趣类、生活类和公益类活动参与机会,成为候鸟老年人在旅居地社会参与的重要平台,起到了帮助其丰富精神文化生活、建构初级社会关系、强化社会支持网和实现自我价值的作用。

From the perspective of active aging,we examined the internal mechanism of the formation of mutual aid organizations for migrant elders,which experienced four stages:demand discovery,mobilization,activity planning and identity acquisition.Loneliness and helplessness of migrant elders in their places of residence are the necessary conditions for the formation of those organizations,among other factors.The founders,migrant elders,the government and property developers all play their respective roles during the formation:key subjects,voluntary subjects,authoritative subjects and market subjects.Mutual aid organizations provide older adults with opportunities to participate in activities of interest,life and public welfare,and become an important platform for their social participation.Those organizations help them enrich their spiritual and cultural life,build primary social relations,strengthen social support networks and realize their values.