老年人居家养老环境需求分析及对策建议

Analysis of and Countermeasures Against Older People’s Demand for Home Care Environment

在老龄社会背景下,老年人养老以居家为主,建立完善以居家为基础、社区为依托、机构为补充的社会养老服务体系,既是老年人的美好生活需要,也是国家政策发展所向。满足老年人居家养老需求,是打造老年宜居环境、建设老年友好型社会、积极应对人口老龄化的重要任务和目标。基于对老年人行为特征及对居家养老环境的需求分析,就如何优化老年人居住环境,为老年人居家养老提供有效环境支撑,提出了空间全覆盖、多主体共同参与、强化服务和科技支撑的三项建设原则,并就如何提升老年人居家适老宜居水平和加快老年友好型社区建设,提出了具体的政策建议和可行措施。

Home-based elderly care is the mainstream in the context of the aging society,and therefore a social eldercare service system which is based on individual families,backed by communities,supplemented by different institutions not only shows the direction of national policy development,but also caters to senior citizens’demand for a happy life.Meeting older people’s demand for home care is an important task and goal for creating a livable environment for the elderly,building an elder-friendly society,and actively responding to population aging.By analyzing the behavioral characteristics of the elderly and their demand for the environment,this paper tried to propose the following three principles to improve the living environment of the elderly and provide a supportive environment for home-based senior care:promoting universal coverage,encouraging multi-party participation,and enhancing service and technology support.Besides,this paper also put forward some policy recommendations and feasible measures to create a more livable environment for the elderly and speed up the building of elder-friendly communities.