中国古代史学“国可灭,史不可灭”理念探析

An Analysis on the Conception of “A State Can Be Destroyed but Its History Is Perpetual” in Ancient Chinese Historiography

"国可灭,史不可灭"理念产生于宋元之际,其形成既与传统史学观念的积淀有关,又与少数民族政权史学意识的增强密不可分。从逻辑上观察,该理念所强调的是:无论什么样的"国",其史籍、史事也不可灭,树立了无条件存史的信念。这种理念进一步提升了史学的地位和独立性,并且突破正统论等思想限制,成为史学发展与扩大修史范围的推动力,开拓了史学多途径探索的空间。对于促进中华历史文化脉络的全面承袭,加强中华民族文化认同与融合都有重要的价值。

The conception of"a state can be destroyed but its history is perpetual"emerged during the Song and Yuan Dynasties,and its formation was not only related to the accumulation of traditional historiography,but also inextricably linked to the enhancement of the historical awareness by the political authority of minority ethnic groups.Logically,this conception emphasizes that no matter whatever"state"it was,its historical records and events were perpetual,and the belief that history should be kept unconditionally was established.This conception further enhanced the status and independence of historiography,and broke through ideational limitations such as orthodoxy.As such,it became a driving force for the development of historiography and expanded the scope of historical compilation,while opening up space for historical exploration in multiple ways.It is of great value to promote the overall inheritance of the Chinese historical and cultural contexts as well as to strengthen the cultural identity and integration of the Chinese nation.