第斯多惠和苏霍姆林斯基教师教育思想比较研究

A Comparative Study on the Thoughts of Teacher Education of Diesterweg and Sukhomlinsky

第斯多惠和苏霍姆林斯基是两位处于不同时代、不同文化背景的著名教育家,比较分析他们的教师教育思想,有助于为新时代教师教育体系的发展提供有益启迪。第斯多惠和苏霍姆林斯基教师教育思想的共性在于,二者都体现了时代特色,强调教师的崇高使命,注重教师的优秀人格魅力,倡导系统的教育内容,以及重视教师的自我教育;其差异性在于,二者对教师专业素养的侧重点不同,以及对教师专业能力和教师教育途径的观点不同。基于对第斯多惠和苏霍姆林斯基教师教育思想的比较分析,教师教育应注重培养教师具有“以爱育人”的教育理念,注意培训教师使其掌握扎实的教学基本功,以及鼓励教师树立自我教育和终身教育的意识。

Diesterweg and Sukhomlinsky are two famous teacher educationalists of different times and cultures.Their teacher education ideas can provide important reference for the construction of teacher education system in the new era.Diesterweg's and Sukhomlinsky's teacher education ideas have both commonalities and differences.The commonalities include the following aspects:they both reflect the characteristics of the times,emphasize the noble mission of teachers,focus on the excellent personality of teachers,and attach importance to the self-education of teachers.The differences include their different emphasis on teachers'professionalism,different views on teachers'professional competence and different approaches to teacher education.The comparative study of the two teacher education thoughts suggests that the current teacher education should emphasize the concept of“educating students with love”,pay attention to the learning and mastering of basic teaching skills,and encourage teachers to establish the consciousness of self-education and lifelong education.