祁连山中部植被格局对地表径流过程的影响

Effect of vegetation pattern on runoff process in the middle part of Qilian Mountains

选择祁连山中部的天老池流域为研究区,利用SWAT模型模拟不同植被格局下的水文过程,结果表明:率定之后的模型效率系数为0.67,说明SWAT模型能够较好地模拟研究区的径流过程;不同的植被格局水量平衡各组分差异显著;当沿乔木、灌木和亚高山草甸方向转变时,流域径流会增加,反之则减少.每10%的乔木林面积转化为灌木林时,增加径流1.12 mm;每10%乔木林面积转化为亚高山草甸时,径流增加1.20 mm;每10%灌木林面积转化为亚高山草甸,径流增加0.13 mm;每10%灌木林面积转化为乔木林,径流减少2.58 mm.

The Tianlaochi catchment in the middle part of Qilian Mountains was selected as the study area,whose runoff process had been simulated using SWAT model with different vegetation patterns.The results showed that the efficiency coefficient of the model after calibration was 0.67,indicating that SWAT model performed well in the simulation of the runoff process in the study area.Components of the water balance were significantly different in different vegetation patterns.When forest land was transformed into shrub land,then into sub-alpine meadow,the runoff in the catchment would increase,or vice versa.When 10%forestland was transformed into shrub land,the runoff would increase by 1.12 mm.When 10%forestland was transformed into sub-alpine meadow,the runoff would increase by 1.20 mm.When 10%shrub land was transformed into sub-alpine meadow,the runoff would increase by 0.13 mm.When 10%shrub land was transformed into forestland,the runoff would decrease by 2.58 mm in the study area.