代际视角下正规就业与非正规就业的工资差异研究

A Study on Wage Differences between Formal Employment and Informal Employment from an Intergenerational Perspective

本文基于代际视角,通过选取2015年中国健康与营养状况调查数据(CHNS),分别采用OLS回归、分位数回归和四种工资差异分解方法对新老两代正规就业和非正规就业的工资差异进行了估计和分解。实证结果发现,教育及其收益率差异是导致正规就业和非正规就业工资差异的主要原因,而由特征差异引起新生代正规就业者和非正规就业工资差异不显著;从两个就业者群组均值工资差异的代际变化来看,老一代非正规就业者受到的市场歧视可能更大;分位数工资差异结果表明,市场对于非正规就业者的歧视在代与代之间变化不大,这说明过去的一些相关的反就业歧视政策效果并不十分明显。

Based on an intergenerational perspective,this paper selects the 2015 China Health and Nutritional Status Survey(CHNS)data,and uses OLS regression,quantile regression and four wage difference decom position methods to analyze the formal employment and informal employment of the new and old generations.The wage differentials are estimated and disaggregated.The empirical results show that the difference in education and its rate of return is the main reason for the wage difference betw een formal employment and informal employment,while the difference in wages between the new generation of formal and informal employment caused by the difference in characteristics is not significant.From the intergenerational change of mean wage difference,the older generation of informal workers may be more discriminated against by the market;the quantile wage difference results show that the market discrimination against informal workers does not change much between generations,which shows that the effect of some relevant anti-employment discrimination policies in the past is not very obvious.