中国非正规就业女性化趋势分析

Analysis of the Feminization of Informal Employment in China

本文利用中国健康营养调查(CHNS)1997~2011年度混合数据,采用logit模型对中国非正规就业选择行为的影响因素与性别差异进行了分析。研究表明,户籍因素是劳动者从事非正规就业的最重要原因,拥有农村户籍的劳动力从事非正规就业的可能性远远高于拥有城市户籍的劳动力,就性别比较而言,男性是否从事非正规就业受户籍影响更大;受教育程度对劳动力从事非正规就业具有显著影响,受教育程度越低越有可能从事非正规就业,从性别差异来看,受教育程度对于女性从事非正规就业的影响高于男性;家中有0~3岁儿童会提高女性从事非正规就业的概率,但对男性劳动力没有显著影响。在其他条件相同的情况下,相较于男性,女性从事非正规就业的可能性更大。

This paper uses the 1997~2011 mixed data of the China Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS)and utilizes the logit model to analyze the influencing factors and gender differences in informal employment choice behavior in China.Studies showed that the household registration factor is the most important reason for workers to engage in informal employment.Laborers with rural household registration are more likely to engage in informal employment than laborers with urban household registration.In terms of gender comparison,whether men are engaged in informal employment Employment is more affected by household registration;education level has a significant impact on the labor force’s informal employment.The lower the education level,it is more like to engage in informal employment.From the perspective of gender differences,the impact of education level on women’s informal employment is higher than men;having children aged 0~3 increases the probability of women in informal employment,but has no significant effect on the male labor force.Under the same conditions,women are more likely to engage in informal employment than men.