非煤矿山自然灾害致灾风险评估可视化系统研究与实现

Research and implementation of visualization system for natural disaster risk assessment in non-coal mines

非煤矿山地质构造复杂、灾害成因复杂且类型繁多、地质灾害防治难度大,第一次全国自然灾害综合风险普查工作已完成,为了充分利用信息化手段管理和使用非煤矿山普查数据,深入挖掘风险管控和隐患排查治理的关联,构建风险状态与隐患分析之间的内部联系。应用大数据、GIS、数据可视化等技术手段,基于B/S架构设计非煤矿山自然灾害致灾风险评估可视化系统的总体框架和功能模块,阐述空间数据构建、遥感影像处理、致灾风险等级评估和露天矿山地质灾害-滑坡破坏动态模拟的关键技术点。研究结果表明:非煤矿山自然灾害致灾风险评估可视化系统的建设可实现自然灾害综合风险普查成果的精准高效应用;系统围绕致灾风险基础数据应用、风险评估和风险防治,形成非煤矿山致灾风险“一张图”,可实现非煤矿山管控区域三维建模与复杂链生灾害动态模拟展示,可积极推动广东省自然灾害防治工作的智慧化转型。

The geological structure of non-coal mine is complex,the causes of disasters are complex and diverse,and the prevention and control of geological disasters is difficult.The First National Comprehensive Risk Survey of Natural Disasters has been completed.In order to make full use of information technology to manage and use the non-coal mine survey data,deeply explore the relationship between risk control and hidden danger investigation and management,and construct the internal relationship between risk status and hidden danger analysis,the overall framework and functional modules of the visualization system for the natural disaster risk assessment of non-coal mines were designed based on B/S architecture by using the big data,GIS,data visualization technology and other technical means.The key technical points of spatial data construction,remote sensing image processing,disaster risk level assessment and dynamic simulation of geological disaster-landslide damage in open-pit mines were expounded.The research results show that the construction of the visualization system for natural disaster risk assessment in non-coal mines can realize the accurate and efficient application of the comprehensive risk survey results of natural disasters.The system focuses on the application of basic data of disaster risk,risk assessment and risk prevention and control,and forms a“one map”of disaster risk of non-coal mines,which can realize the three-dimensional modeling of non-coal mine control areas and the dynamic simulation and display of complex chain generated disasters,and can actively promote the intelligent transformation of natural disaster prevention and control in Guangdong Province.