地铁应急疏散影响因素研究

Research on influencing factors of emergency evacuation in subway

为研究地铁站发生突发事件时乘客疏散的影响因素,提高疏散效率,采用调查问卷法分析影响人员疏散的不同因素;选取应变处理能力、听从他人引导行为、帮助他人行为和安全通道熟悉程度4个因素,采用正交法设计8种疏散方法;基于Pathfinder以疏散时间为指标采用极差法分析4种因素的影响大小。结果表明:遇到突发事件时,男性乘客比女性乘客更理性;具有责任心和外倾性人格的突发事件应对能力远高于神经质性人格;听从他人引导行为、安全通道熟悉程度、应变处理能力和帮助他人行为对疏散时间的影响逐渐减弱。

In order to study the factors affecting the evacuation of passengers during emergencies in subway station and improve the efficiency of evacuation,the questionnaire method was used to analyze the factors affecting the evacuation,and four factors were selected including strain handling capacity,action according to the guidance behavior,helping behavior,and safety channel familiarity.8 evacuation methods were designed using orthogonal method,and the influence of 4 factors was analyzed by using evacuation time as an index with Pathfinder.The results showed that male passengers were more rational than female passengers in emergencies.The ability to deal with emergencies with responsibility and extraversion personality is much higher than that of neurotic personality.And action according to the guidance behavior,safety channel familiarity,strain processing ability and helping others’behavior on evacuation time is gradually weakened.