不同产地红花预防大鼠脑缺血/再灌注损伤的作用比较

Comparison of preventive effects of safflower from different origins on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats

目的:比较不同产地红花水煎液对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的预防作用并探讨相关的机制。方法:连续3天灌胃不同产地红花水煎液进行预防给药,采用线拴法制备大鼠脑中动脉阻塞(MCAO)致脑缺血/再灌注损伤模型,再灌注24h后测定神经功能评分、脑含水量及脑梗死面积百分比;HE染色评价脑组织一般病理学情况;检测大鼠血清中一氧化氮(NO)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)以及诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)活力。结果:四川简阳、新疆昌吉及云南弥渡红花水煎液在3.33 g生药/kg浓度下均能显著改善大鼠神经功能评分并降低大鼠脑含水量(P<0.05),且以简阳组大鼠神经功能评分缓解程度及脑含水量降低程度最大;四个产地红花水煎液均能够显著降低大鼠脑梗死面积百分比(P<0.05),且以简阳红花水煎液组大鼠脑梗死面积比最低;病理学结果表明各给药组大鼠细胞轻度肿胀,细胞间隙增大有所减轻,核固缩与嗜酸性样变性细胞减少,细胞损伤程度减轻;此外,给药各组大鼠血清中SOD活力显著升高(P<0.05),NO含量显著降低(P<0.05);除昌吉红花水煎液组外,其余给药组大鼠血清中CAT活力显著升高(P<0.05);除察县红花水煎液组外,其余红花水煎液组大鼠血清中iNOS活力较模型组显著降低(P<0.05)。结论:四个产地红花水煎液均能预防大鼠急性脑缺血/再灌注损伤,以四川简阳红花效果最佳,体现了其作为道地药材的"优效"特性。

Objective:To compare the preventive effects of safflower decoction from different origins on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats and explore the related mechanisms.Method:Rats were intragastrically administered with safflower decoction from different regions for 3 consecutive days before surgery,and then the cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury model induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)was established by wire tethering method.The neurological function score,cerebral water content and the percentage of cerebral infarction area were detected after 24 hours reperfusion.HE staining was used to evaluate the general pathological condition of brain tissue.The content of nitric oxide(NO)and the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)in serum of rats were detected.Result:The safflower decoction of Sichuan Jianyang,Xinjiang Changji and Yunnan Midu at the concentration of 3.33 g crude drug/kg could significantly improve the neurological function score of rats and reduce the brain water content of rats(P<0.05),and the reduction degree of neurological function score and brain water content of rats in Jianyang group were the greatest.Besides,the percentage of cerebral infarction area in rats was significantly decreased by safflower decoction from four producing areas(P<0.05),and the ratio of cerebral infarction area in Jianyang safflower decoction group was the lowest.The pathological results showed that the cells in each administration group were slightly swollen,the increase of cell space was alleviated,the nuclear pyknosis and eosinophilic degeneration cells were reduced,and the degree of cell damage was alleviated.In addition,SOD activity was significantly increased(P<0.05),and NO content was significantly decreased(P<0.05)after safflower decoction administration.Except for Changji safflower decoction group,the serum CAT activity in other treatment groups was significantly increased(P<0.05).Moreover,except for Chaxian safflower decoction group,the iNOS activity in serum of other safflower decoction groups was significantly lower than that of model group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Safflower decoction from four producing areas can prevent acute cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats,and safflower from Sichuan Jianyang has the best effect,which reflects its"excellent effect"as a genuine medicinal material.