帕金森病中α突触核蛋白的“肠-脑轴”传播

The Gut-to-brain Propagation of α-synuclein in Parkinson’s Disease

在帕金森病(PD)运动症状出现的前十几年,PD的前驱症状——胃肠运动功能障碍等非运动症状就已出现。而PD的主要病理形式——错误折叠α-突触核蛋白(α-syn)聚集形成的路易小体(LB)可以在患者未经诊断PD时,出现在患者的胃肠道、迷走神经、交感神经、迷走神经背侧运动核等部位。Braak团队由此提出α-syn传播的“肠-脑轴”假说。文中以“肠-脑轴”假说为中心,结合相关文献,对α-syn肠-脑传播的起源、解剖基础和影响因素进行综述,并提出目前领域存在的未知问题。

Non-motor symptoms like gastrointestinal motility disorders can manifest more than a decade prior to the onset of motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease(PD).The primary pathological hallmark of PD,the aggregation of misfoldedα-synuclein(α-syn)forming Lewy bodies(LB),appears in the gastrointestinal tract,vagus nerve,sympathetic nervous system,and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus before clinical PD diagnosis.Braak’s team proposed the“gut-brain axis”hypothesis ofα-syn transmission.Based on the“gut-brain axis”hypothesis and related literature,the origin,anatomical basis,and influencing factors ofα-syn brain-gut axis transmission were reviewed,and the highlight unresolved questions were presented.