数字公民的身份确认及权利保障

数字化生存已成为人类生活的基本属性与核心机制,数字公民身份问题由此应运而生。数字公民是自然公民的数字化身与数字表达,承载着数字公共生活中的公民身份、行动逻辑和权利义务关系。数字赋能和技术赋权的不平衡,导致数字公民遭遇机制性游离困境,这具体表现为平台构架中数字公民的边缘化、算法决策中数字公民的离场化、数字控制中数字公民的对象化、技术赋权中数字公民的失能化、技术理性中数字公民的去人化等。数字公民的机制性游离,对公民的平等自由、基本权利和民主法治价值形成了严峻挑战。消解数字公民的机制性游离,加强数字公民权利的法治化保障,维护数字社会的公平正义,需要坚持“以人为本”的数字法治原则,实现数字公民身份的合法化确认,构建包容共治的数字民主机制,提升数字公民的素养能力。

Being digital has become a fundamental attribute and core mechanism of human life and,as a result,digital citizenship has emerged.Digital citizens are the digital incarnation and the digital expression of natural citizens,carrying citizenship,action logic,and the relationships of rights and obligations in digital public life.The imbalance between digital empowerment and technological empowerment has led to the dilemma of institutional dissociation of digital citizens,specifically manifested in the marginalization of digital citizens in the platform framework,the disengagement of digital citizens in the algorithm decision-making,the objectification of digital citizens in the digital control,the disablement of digital citizens in the technological empowerment,and the dehumanization of digital citizens in the technological rationality.The institutional dissociation of digital citizens poses a serious challenge to the equality,freedom and basic rights of citizens as well as to the values of democracy and the rule of law.To eliminate the institutional dissociation of digital citizens,strengthen the legal protection of the rights of digital citizens,and uphold the fairness and justice of digital society,it is necessary to adhere to the principle of“people-oriented”digital rule of law,realize the confirmation of the legality of digital citizenship,build an inclusive and co-governed digital democracy mechanism,and enhance the accomplishment and ability of digital citizens.