运动干预对自我控制力影响的实验研究

Experimental study on the effect of exercise intervention on self-control

为了提高大学生自我控制力,采用实验法和统计分析法探讨持续12周的运动干预对实验组和对照组被试自我控制力的影响,实验组进行中等强度有氧运动干预,而对照组则不进行任何有氧运动干预.在实验前后用《大学生自我控制量表》和Stroop任务范式分别测试各组被试自我控制力的变化,研究结果如下:单一运动组经过有氧运动干预后,自我控制力和反应时指标有所提高,错误率指标有所降低;组合运动组经过有氧运动干预后,自我控制力和反应时指标显著提高,错误率指标显著降低;组合运动组的自我控制力和反应时指标显著高于单一运动组,且错误率指标显著低于单一运动组;实验组的自我控制力和反应时指标明显高于对照组,且错误率指标明显低于对照组.结果表明:运动干预能有效改善自我控制力,且持续时间越长效果越好;组合运动干预比单一运动干预更能提高自我控制力.

In order to improve the self-control of college students,the effects of the exercise intervention lasting 12 weeks on self-control of the subjects in the experimental group and control group were explored by experimental method and statistical analysis.The experimental group received moderate aerobic exercise intervention,while the control group did not receive any aerobic exercise intervention.The changes of self-control in each group were tested before and after the experiment with College students′self controlscaleand the Stroop task paradigm,and the results of the study were as followed:after the aerobic exercise intervention in the single exercise group,the indexes of self-control and reaction time were improved and the indexes of error rate were decreased;after the aerobic exercise intervention in the combined exercise group,the indexes of self-control and reaction time were significantly improved and the error rate indexes were significantly lowered;the indexes of self-control and reaction time in the combined exercise group were significantly higher than those of the single exercise group,and the error rate indexes were significantly lower than those of the single exercise group;the indexes of self-control and reaction time of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group,and the error rate indexes were significantly lower than those of the control group.The result shows that:exercise intervention can effectively improve subjects′self-control ability,and the longer the duration,the better the effect;combined exercise intervention can more effectively improve self-control than single exercise intervention.