R&D要素配置、碳排放及绿色技术转移纠偏作用

Allocation of R&D factors,carbon emissions and the correction effect of green technology transfer

强调自主研发创新的技术减排固然重要,但在资源环境约束加剧背景下,通过绿色技术转移(GTT)纠偏R&D要素配置扭曲以实现效率减排,可能更易达到事半功倍的效果。基于资源错配理论,剖析并检验R&D要素配置扭曲对碳排放的影响及GTT的纠偏作用机制。研究表明:(1)长三角城市的R&D人员与资金均存在配置扭曲现象,且人员错配程度高于资金;(2)R&D要素配置扭曲显著加剧了碳排放,资金错配的碳排放影响更大;(3)GTT对R&D要素配置扭曲所致的碳排放,具有显著调节效应与纠偏作用;(4)GTT“数量”和“质量”的发展水平,都可影响R&D要素配置扭曲与碳排放间的非线性门槛效应,目前长三角已可通过GTT数量增加的纠偏路径实现碳减排,而在质量提升方面的纠偏效能仅能对碳减排起到一定缓解作用。因此盘活存量技术、促进城际GTT的“增量提质”,充分发挥其对R&D要素配置的纠偏效能,是突破资源约束,提高创新能力,有效推进“双碳”目标实现的务实路径。

It is important to emphasize self-developed and innovative technologies to reduce carbon emissions,but in the context of intensified resource and environmental constraints,it would be more effective using Green Technology Transfer(GTT)to correct distorted allocation of R&D factors to achieve efficient carbon emissions reductions.Based on the resource misallocation theory,this paper analyzes and empirical tests the mechanism of GTT on R&D factors configuration distortion and CO2 emission.This study shows that:(1)R&D personnel and funds in the Yangtze River Delta cities are distorted,and the mismatch of personnel is higher than that of funds;(2)The distortion of R&D personnel and funds has significantly aggravated CO2 emissions,and distorted R&D funds has a greater impact on CO2 emissions;(3)The significant adjustment of GTT on distorted allocation of R&D factors is conducive to reduce CO2 emission;(4)Development in both GTT“quantity”and“quality”could affect the nonlinear threshold effect between distorted allocation of R&D factors and CO2 emissions.Cities in the Yangtze River Delta could achieve the suppression of CO2 emission through the correction path of“quantity increase”,while for“quality improvement”,the correction effect could only mitigate CO2 emission reduction to some extent.Thus,revitalizing the stock technology,promoting the“incremental quality improvement”of intercity GTT,and giving full play to its effectiveness in correcting allocation of R&D factors are the pragmatic path to break through resource constraints,improve innovation capabilities,and effectively promote the realization of the“dual carbon”.