数字化转型企业开放式创新生态系统的构建——理论基础与未来展望

Research on the construction of open innovation ecosystems of digital transformation enterprises——Theoretical foundation and future prospects

具有开放性、可供性等特征的数字技术使得传统企业形成了数字化转型企业开放式创新生态系统的新组织型态。然而,当前对其研究还处于概念探讨和特征归纳的初级阶段,急需对其构建研究形成系统性理论框架。因此,首先基于相关概念的梳理,尝试明晰“何为”数字化转型企业开放式创新生态系统,即其内涵界定;其次,结合当前开放式创新生态系统、数字化转型企业两大研究基础,厘清“为何”急需开展数字化转型企业开放式创新生态系统构建的研究;最后,初步提出包括“型态识别→构建动因→构建逻辑→构建过程”的研究框架,指出未来“如何”开展数字化转型企业开放式创新生态系统构建的研究,以期为数字化转型企业开放式创新生态系统构建研究夯实理论基础并指明未来研究方向。

The characteristic of digital technology has profoundly changed the process and results of innovation,presenting changes such as open innovation process,fuzzy boundary,resource liquefaction,multi-dimensional value co-creation,cross-border network structure,etc.Especially,in the era of open innovation,enterprises’innovation is no longer the task of a single organization,but of an innovation ecosystem composed of multiple organizations.Traditional enterprises have formed a new organizational type of open innovation ecosystem of digital transformation enterprises.However,the current research is still in the initial stage of concept discussion and feature induction,and it is urgent to build a systematic theoretical framework for the future research.First,as a new organization type formed by the digital transformation of traditional enterprises under the background of digital technology,the definition of the concept of the open innovation ecosystem of digital transformation enterprises should be based on the definition of the concept of the open innovation ecosystem of enterprises and the digital transformation enterprise.Therefore,based on these two concepts,this paper tries to clarify“what”the open innovation ecosystem of digital transformation enterprises is.Then,scholars’research on the open innovation ecosystem mainly focuses on concept discussion and feature induction,there is a lack of attention to“why”and“how”construct the open innovation ecosystem.Meanwhile,scholars have recognized the basic view that digital technology promotes digital transformation enterprises to present an open innovation ecosystem,and have believed that digital technology makes the central enterprises in the system play an increasingly important role.However,scholars have failed to further explore how central enterprises design and build open innovation ecosystems.Therefore,combined with these current two research basis,this paper clarifies“why”the research on the construction of open innovation ecosystem of digital transformation enterprises is urgently needed.Finally,this paper puts forward a research framework including“pattern identification-construction motivation-construction logic-construction process”,and points out“how”to carry out research on the construction of open innovation ecosystem of digital transformation enterprises in the future.In terms of pattern identification,this paper argues that different types of open innovation ecosystems of digital transformation enterprises can be identified according to the two dimensions of openness and centrality.In terms of construction motivation,this paper argues that schoolrs should systematically discuss why the open innovation ecosystem of digital transformation enterprises constructs,namely the architecture of the construction motivation driven by digital technology.In terms of construction logic,this paper argues that schoolrs should focus on the bridges of why and how the open innovation ecosystem of digital transformation enterprises constructs,namely the types and formation mechanisms of their construction logics.In terms of construction process,this paper argues that schoolrs should focus on how to construct four types of open innovation ecosystems of digital transformation enterprises,namely their construction process patterns and evolution rules.This paper will help guide scholars to deepen and expand the open innovation ecosystem research from the current primary stage to the concrete research,and enrich the research on the organizational types of digital transformation enterprises.Therefore,this paper lays a solid theoretical foundation for the research on the construction of open innovation ecosystem of digital transformation enterprises.