中国情境下新创企业如何实现颠覆性创新?

How do start-ups achieve disruptive innovation in Chinese context?

颠覆性创新已成为数字时代新创企业快速成长的有效途径。现有的颠覆性创新研究中,对前因的研究明显落后于对后果的研究。与此相关的一些重要问题,例如中国情境下新创企业颠覆性创新的前因与驱动模式是什么?颠覆性创新前因后果的整体框架是什么?至今尚未得到深入研究。本研究基于开放式嵌入性理论,以中国长三角地区的289个新创企业为样本,试图构建从微观到宏观全面嵌入影响颠覆性创新的一些基本原理,运用模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)方法探索多种前因条件对颠覆性创新的“联合效应”以及不同条件之间“互动关系”的多重并发因素和因果复杂机制。研究发现存在四条不同路径引致颠覆性创新,其中:“包容性制度”和“跨界整合”驱动高跨界(水平)颠覆,而“行业专家主导”和“积极制度主导”则催生高垂直颠覆;网络嵌入与制度嵌入的机制内与跨机制间存在复杂的替代和/或互补关系。本文基于上述研究问题,通过中国情境下的相关理论及案例分析,为颠覆性创新的预测和发展提供了新的研究发现。

Disruptive innovation has become an effective way for start-ups to grow rapidly in the digital era.In the current research on disruptive innovation,the research on antecedents lags behind the research on consequences.There are some important questions related to this.For example,what are the antecedents and driving modes of disruptive innovation of start-ups in the context of China?What is the overall framework of the cause and effect of disruptive innovation?These important questions have not been thoroughly studied so far.Based on the open embeddedness theory,this study takes 289 start-ups in the Yangtze River Delta region of China as samples and attempts to construct some basic principles of the impact of overall embeddedness on disruptive innovation from micro to macro.Fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)is used to explore the"joint effect"of multiple antecedent conditions on disruptive innovation,as well as the multiple concurrent factors and the complex causal mechanism of the"interactive relationship"between different conditions.The results show that there are four different pathways leading to disruptive innovation,among which"inclusive institutions"and"cross-border integration"drive high cross-border(horizontal)disruption,while"industry expert-led"and"positive institutions-led"drive high vertical disruption.There are complex substitutive and/or complementary relationships between network embedding and institutional embedding within and across mechanisms.Based on the above research questions,this study provides new research findings for predicting and developing disruptive innovation through relevant theories and cases in the context of China.