科学研究的可重复性及其保障措施

Practices for reproducible science

对科学研究而言,可重复性是非常重要的,能够提升研究的可靠性。首先,引入可重复性的定义,明确可重复性的内涵;然后,分析总结出导致研究不可重复的主要诱因是对结果的选择性报道,包括HARKing、认知偏误和p值篡改;其次,详细介绍了促进透明和开放科学的TOP准则,TOP准则具有八个标准和三种层级,可整体或部分采用,对提升可重复性具有实际指导意义;最后,以TOP准则为依托,综合了四种适合广泛采用、评价和改进的应对措施,如注册报告、开放科学、预印本和TOP因子。

Reproducibility is really important for scientific research,which can improve the truth of science.Firstly,the definition of reproducibility is introduced to clarify reproducibility.And then selective reporting of results is analyzed to be the main incentive,including HARKing,cognitive biases and p-hacking.Following it,the TOP guidelines for promoting transparency and open science are presented in detail.TOP guidelines have eight standards and three levels,which can be adopted in whole or in part.They are of practical significance for improving reproducibility.At last,on the basis of the TOP guidelines,four practices are deeply discussed.They are registered reports,open science,preprints and TOP factor.These practices are significantly effective and should be for wider adoption,evaluation and improvement.