中国科技管理研究的贡献、演进与展望——《科学学与科学技术管理》创刊40年文献计量与知识图谱分析

Contribution, Evolution and Prospect of China Science and Technology Management Research:In Commemoration of the 40th Anniversary of Science of Science and Management of S.& T.

研究以可视化统计分析为依托,对《科学学与科学技术管理》创刊40年来发表的研究性论文进行系统性量化分析。通过关键词突现分析、共现分析、聚类分析、战略图谱等技术方法,对发文机构、代表性作者、关键领域与研究热点等方面进行量化分析与可视化呈现,全景展现了与我国科技发展阶段相对应的发展的时代特征、总体规律与突出贡献。

Based on the visual statistical analysis,this paper makes a systematic quantitative analysis on the research papers published in the past 40 years since the publication of"Science of Science and Management of S.&T.".It shows the characteristics of the times,the overall law and the outstanding contribution of the development corresponding to the stage of China’s scientific and technological development.This study provides a reference for"Science of Science and Management of S.&T."to deepen China’s situation,expand international vision,lead the academic frontier,and help reform and development,so as to provide useful reference for the important challenges,core issues and historical opportunities faced by China’s science and technology development under the new situation.In terms of research methods,this paper takes the papers published in the Journal of"Science of Science and Management of S.&T."from 1980 to 2019 as the object database,and selects 10345 academic papers as the target objects through pretreatment methods such as noise reduction,duplicates removing and expert evaluation.Furthermore,CiteSpace tool is used to analyze the target object,and quantitative analysis and visualization of the author,representative authors,key fields and research hotspots are carried out by means of keyword emergence analysis,co-occurrence analysis,cluster analysis and strategic mapping.In terms of the total volume and annual distribution of papers,in the 40 years of development,the annual volume of articles of"Science of Science and Management of S.&T."has gone through four main stages of"opening up,accumulating strength,developing and leading".In each stage,journals combine their own development with the development needs and trends of China’s science and technology,and help national strategies such as"rejuvenating the country through science and education","independent innovation","innovation driven development"and"building a world science and technology power",and have blazed an excellent road of"from quantity to quality"and"from accumulation of energy to leap forward development".From the perspective of organization contribution statistics,"Science of Science and Management of S.&T."looks at the whole country.The top ten contribution institutions cover important universities in Northeast,north,central,Southeast Coastal and western regions in China,reflecting the balance,representativeness and authority of journal development.In terms of the contribution of researchers and research teams,the articles of"Science of Science and Management of S.&T."reflect the characteristics of multiple generations.The analysis shows that among the23 researchers with high contribution,there are founders and outstanding contributors in the fields of science of science and soft science in China,pioneers and discipline leaders in the fields of science of science and Scientometrics in China,and representative scholars who have become the backbone in this field.Around these scholars,a number of influential research teams have been formed,and a number of widely distributed and high-density research networks have been formed.In terms of research results,"Science of Science and Management of S.&T."published a number of research results with high influence and high attention in this field,covering"index system of enterprise innovation performance"in innovation research,"organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior"in organizational behavior research,"opportunity identification"in entrepreneurship research,and"industrial cluster analysis"in social network research And"structural equation model theory"related research methods.From the perspective of the evolution of research hotspots,this paper reviews the key topics in the field of science and technology management in different periods since the publication of"Science of Science and Management of S.&T."in the past 40 years.It is divided into three stages:the exploration stage of system reform and opening up(1980-1998),the stage of science and technology industrialization and innovation ability cultivation(1999-2011),and the stage of science and technology strategic transformation and innovation leading(2012-present)This paper summarizes the background of the times,the focus,the development context and the historical contribution of the research in this field since the reform and opening up.Looking forward to the future,the study looks forward to the mainstream topics and potential hot spots in this field through strategic matrix analysis from a dynamic perspective,and proposes that the mainstream topics are constantly focusing on innovation driven and technological breakthroughs,and the potential hot topics include"environmental uncertainty","business model innovation","knowledge innovation/sharing/spillover","original innovation","independent and controllable".In the future,the development of science and technology will be more responsive to the needs of social development,the people’s pursuit of a better life,the national strategy and even the needs of the community with a shared future for all mankind.The exploration of science and technology will also integrate more humanistic values and philosophical significance.