民国时期中国天文科技期刊概述与发展特点研究

Overview and Developing Characteristics of Chinese Astronomical Periodicals During the Republic of China

近代天文科技期刊是天文学知识传播的重要媒介,本研究通过梳理民国时期天文学类期刊发展概况,重点探讨《观象丛报》《宇宙》《中国天文学会会报》《国立中山大学天文台两月刊》等四种重要刊物的发文量、文献类型、高产作者、发文主题等特点。结果显示,民国时期中国天文科技期刊呈现出刊龄较短、刊期变更频繁;办刊主体以学术团体和高等院校为主;创刊地集中在北京、南京、广州;发文主体以专业性、科学性较强的研究人员为主;传播内容由综合性、理论性、分散性向专业性、实用性、系统性过渡等发展特点。

Modern Chinese astronomical periodicals are important mediums for the dissemination of astronomical knowledge.By summarizing the development of astronomical periodicals in the Period of the Republic of China,this study focuses on the characteristics of the amount of publications,literature types,high productivity authors,and topics of publications of four important journals,such as The Astronomical and Mete⁃orological Magazine,Universe,Chinese Astronomical Society Procceedings,and Observatoiredel'Universite Sun Yatsen,Revue Bimensuelle.The results show that in the Republic of China,the life span of the astronomical periodicals was generally short and frequency of publication changed frequently;the sponsors of the periodicals were mainly from academic societies and colleges;the founding places were concentrated in Beijing,Nanjing and Guangzhou;the authors were mainly professional and scientific researchers;the content of communication transited from comprehensive,theoretical and decentralized to professional,practical and systematic,and some other development features.