文明的他者 1904年“圣路易斯世博会与奥运会”中的身体量化认知

Civilization and Barbarism Body quantification cognition in the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition and the Olympic Games

1904年圣路易斯购地博览会"人类学村"中世界各地原始部族的集中展陈,直观表达了美国人类学家麦基的进化人类学理论。借助单线进化论解释的人类文明发展史被清晰地展示在观众面前。整个过程与基于人体测量的"判决性证据"获取整合在一起,共同构成了进化人类学的实证支持。这种以鼓吹进化人类学为目的的人体测量,与建基其上的现代体育教育一道,以"文明对野蛮的驯化"为标示,为西方中心主义的傲慢姿态做出了"科学解释"。

In the anthropological village of St.Louis Purchase Exposition 1904,the collection of primitive tribes from all over the world was a visual expression of the evolutionary anthropological theory by American anthropologist McKee.The history of human civilization,explained by a single line of evolution,was clearly presented to the audience.The whole process was integrated with anthropometric"critical evidences"acquisition,which together constituted the empirical support of evolutionary anthropology.This anthropometry,which aimed at advocating evolutionary anthropology,together with the modern physical education on which it was based,was marked by the"domestication of barbarism by civilization"and provided a"scientific explanation"for the arrogant attitude of west centralism.