萧萐父先生的心学观探析

Xiao Jiefu's View of the Learning of the Heart-Mind

萧萐父先生的心学观,主要展开为三部分:其一,将马克思主义的人学理论、真理观、认识论等有选择地、有甄别地与陆九渊、黄宗羲等传统心学作了深度的有效融合;其二,将阳明心学及其后学判定为明清启蒙学说的逻辑起点,提出了具有近代性质的新情理观、新价值观、新伦理观,但这个“新”不是相对宋明理学的“新”,而是相对于整个古典传统伦理观念的“新”,它的背景是明清之际的中国进入了“世界历史”,因此更加强调古今之变而非中西之别;其三,萧萐父认为,现当代新儒学的心学思想中蕴含着丰富的人文精神,具体表现为他对熊十力从阳明心学中吸取的“吾即是吾”主动精神的赞赏,以及对唐君毅“君毅之学,人学也”的界定,同时也对徐复观中国人性论史、中国艺术精神中所蕴含的主体人格自由极为肯定。在萧萐父的心学观中,现当代新儒学与明清启蒙学术有着一致的问题意识,均从心学中吸取资源,作为传统文化现代转化的历史“接合点”。

Xiao Jiefu presents his view of the learning of the heart-mind in three parts.First,he selectively integrates Lu Jiuyuan's and Huang Zongxi's philosophies of the heart-mind with Marxist theories of anthropology,the concept of truth,and epistemology.Second,Xiao asserts that the philosophy of Wang Yangming and his followers was the logical starting point of Enlighte nment scholarship during the Ming and Qing dynasties.He thus proposes modern conceptions of feelings and principle,values,and ethics,which are not relative to Song-Ming Neo-Confucianism but rather to the holistic traditional ethical concepts of classical times.Third,he argues that contemporary New Confucian ideas about the heart-mind embody a rich humanistic spirit.This is evident in the active spirit of the statements that“I am what I am,”drawn by Xiong Shili from Wang Yangming,and that“Tang Junyi's philosophy is a humanistic study,”as well as in the concept of the freedom of the subject's human character,drawn by Xu Fuguan from Mencius's theory of the innate goodness of human nature.