心学色调的君子——王阳明对儒家君子人格内涵的发展及其当代启示

The Junzi in the Philosophy of Mind: On Wang Yangming’s Development of the Idea of the Junzi and Its Contemporary Significance

王阳明心学基本任务之一就是培养理想人格。王阳明继承了先秦儒家君子人格的论述与规定,对君子人格的内容与特质进行了发展和丰富。诚信务实、独立道中、自持节义、身任天下、自快其心、交接以德等,是王阳明君子人格的主要内容和品质,这些人格要素不仅具有内在的关联性,而且表现出鲜明的心学色彩,成为王阳明人格谱系中的中间环节和主体内容。王阳明所述君子人格不仅在理论上尝试了健康人格模式的探索,在实践上也为培养健康人格提示了方向,对当今社会的健康人格建设具有切实的启示意义。

To foster ideal character is one of the objectives for Wang Yangming’s philosophy of mind.Inheriting pre-Qin Confucian discourses on the qualities of the junzi,Wang Yangming expanded its content and enriched its essential traits.The major components of a junzi’s character in Wang’s philosophy include such traits as sincerity and earnest application,independence and pursuing the Way of centrality,self-discipline for moral integrity,taking responsibility for the world,self-motivation and good conscience,and associating with others virtuously.These traits,interwoven and colored by the philosophy of mind,became the compositional pigments in and major themes of Wang Yangming’s analysis of moral character.He not only explored in theory the constitutive elements of healthy character but also gave the practical approach for fostering such character.His theory is instructive today for helping to build healthy character in modern society.