理性赋能与向善赋权:科技伦理风险预警与敏捷治理体系的建构进路

Rational Empowerment and Benevolent Empowerment:The Approach to the Construction of Scientific and Technological Ethics Risk Warning and Agile Governance System

新兴和颠覆性的科学技术创新日趋复杂和多变,科技伦理风险的社会放大将会产生“科林格里奇困境”及不可逆的负面影响。传统的“应对型”治理模式已经无法对科技伦理风险进行源头治理和灵活管控,而敏捷治理模式却可以通过风险预警提升科技伦理治理的效率。研究从理性赋能和向善赋权两个维度提出科技伦理风险敏捷治理策略下预警体系建构的因应。首先,我国应当遵循伦理导向和科技向善的理念,通过风险评价的方式确定科技伦理风险分级管控清单。其次,从科技研发信息提取、监测和成果追踪等方面创新科技伦理风险治理工具。最后,建立科技伦理风险“瀑布式”监管策略转化的反馈机制,形成权责一致和规范清晰的科技伦理风险预警和审查制度,维护我国科技研发秩序,坚定不移地走出“负责任创新”的中国道路。

The emerging and subversive scientific and technological innovation is becoming more and more complex and changeable.The social amplification of scientific and technological ethical risks will produce“Colling ridge Dilemma”and irreversible negative effects.The traditional“coping”governance model has been unable to conduct source governance and flexible control of scientific and technological ethics risk,while the agile governance model can improve the efficiency of scientific and technological ethics governance through risk early warning.This paper puts forward the Countermeasures for the construction of early warning system under the agile governance strategy of scientific and technological ethical risk from the two dimensions of rational empowerment and benevolent empowerment.Firstly,China should follow the ethical guidance and the concept of science and technology for the good,and determine the graded control list of scientific and technological ethical risks through risk assessment.Secondly,it innovates the governance tools of scientific and technological ethics risk from the aspects of information extraction,monitoring and achievement tracking of scientific and technological research and development.Finally,it is necessary to establish a feedback mechanism for the transformation of the“waterfall”regulatory strategy of scientific and technological ethical risk,form a scientific and technological ethical risk early warning and review system with consistent rights and responsibilities and clear specifications,maintain the order of scientific and technological research and development in China,and unswervingly walk out of the Chinese road of“responsible innovation”.