能动进路对模态怀疑主义的应对分析

A Study on the Agency-based Approach to Modal Skeptism

模态认识论近年来频繁遭到怀疑主义的挑战。尽管存在多种解题思路,但怀疑主义依旧较为强势。文章将通过分析前人对怀疑主义的应对策略,指出其失败的两大症结:描述与规范的混淆;形而上学考量的缺位。在此基础上,引入能动进路,通过梳理该进路的基本思路和方法,展现其在化解两大症结之外,还具有应对怀疑主义的额外优势。能动进路虽存在诸多瑕疵,但其经验主义的方法、反例外主义立场、独立于可能世界语义学的视角值得进一步关注。

Epistemology of modality has been frequently challenged by skepticism in recent years.Although various versions of problem-solving ideas emerge one after another,skepticism is still powerful.This paper will point out the two major problems of the predecessors’failure by analyzing their strategies to skepticism:confusion between descriptions and norms;absence of metaphysical considerations.On this basis,this paper introduces the strategy of agency-based approach,and by combing the basic ideas and methods of this approach,it shows that it has additional advantages to deal with skepticism in addition to resolving the two major problems.Although there are a little flaws in the agency-based approach,its empirical methods,anti-exceptionalism stand and independence from the possible world semantics deserve further attentions.