“图灵测试”新解及其在计算创造力建模中的应用

A New Solution of Turing Test and Its Application in Modeling Computational Creativity

图灵测试提出后不仅涌现出了许多基于扎实研究的有真知灼见的解读,派生出了大量基于创发性解读的新版图灵测试,而且发展了的图灵测试还成了指导作为AI新的分支之一的计算创造力理论建构和机器实现的基本原则。图灵是为回答自己重新表述的智能或思维的标准问题而设计其模仿游戏的,有行为主义因素,但又有对行为主义的超越。图灵测试从计算化、自然化、可操作化等方便机器实现的角度揭示了作为AI原型实例之一的人类智能的本质特点,由于智能具有可多样实现性和原型实例多样性的特点,因此图灵测试对于种种智能形式的建模不一定有普遍的工程方法论意义,但对于以人类智能为原型实例的AI建模和机器实现来说有其不可替代的指导价值,因此并没有过时。

Since the Turing test was proposed,many insightful interpretations based on solid research have emerged,a large number of new Turing tests based on creative interpretation have been derived,and the developed Turing test has become a basic principle to guide the theory construction and machine implementation of computational creativity as one of the new branches of AI.Turing designed his parody games to answer his own reformulated standard questions of intelligence or thinking,with an element of behaviorism,but beyond it.Turing test reveals the essential characteristics of human intelligence as one of the prototype examples of AI from the perspectives of computerization,naturalization,operationalization,etc.,which is convenient for machine implementation.Due to the characteristics of multiple realization of intelligence and diversity of prototype instances,Turing test does not necessarily have universal engineering methodology significance for the modeling of various forms of intelligence.However,AI modeling and machine implementation based on human intelligence have irreplaceable guiding value,so the Turing test is not obsolete.