论暴力的技术建构

The Technology Construction of Violence

暴力作为战争的本质属性是权力主体间的一种特殊的交往关系,在形式与内涵上受到技术的调节与塑造。技术在存在论维度上蕴含着一种超越性的“暴力”(Gewalt)意向,这种意向构成了暴力能够被技术建构的基础,使技术在发展演进中不断开辟着暴力的时空边界。同时,技术的演进也迭代着人们对暴力的理解,核武器的出现与运用使暴力经历了从“杀伤力”向“控制力”的内涵转变。在军事技术的效能愈发可控的背景下,战争在目的、时间、目标、规模上也变得愈发可控,这种可控性的提升并不意味着战争暴力性的减弱,而是暴力的对象从“生命”向“生存”的多维度增强。

Violence as an essential attribute of warfare is a specific relationship between subjects of power,regulated and shaped by technology in its form and content.This intention constitutes the basis on which violence can be technologically constructed,allowing technology to open up the spatial and temporal boundaries of violence as it evolves.The emergence and use of nuclear weapons has led to a shift in the connotation of violence from‘lethality’to‘control’.In the context of increasingly controllable military technology,warfare has also become more controllable in terms of purpose,time,objectives and scale,and this increased controllability does not mean that the violence of war has diminished,but rather that the object of violence has changed from‘living’to‘existence’.This increase in controllability does not mean a decrease in the violence of war,but rather an increase in the object of violence from‘living’to‘existence’.