多丽丝·莱辛诗歌中的女性话语与女性寓言

Female Discourse and Female Fables in the Poetry of Doris Lessing

相比于其闻名于世的众多小说,多丽丝·莱辛的诗歌鲜为人知,但这些精致、流动而细腻的诗歌也是我们理解她作为一个女性主义作家的思想、情感与自我表达的重要路径。莱辛的诗歌主题可分为三类:第一类是表现女性生态意识的自然之歌,与《野草在歌唱》等小说构成某种互文性关系,诗人使用特有的自然意象刻画女性与自然之间的密切关系,解构男性父权控制的传统知识结构;第二类是建构女性寓言的流散之曲,诗人着力表现女性个体在宏观地理空间中的微观流散情绪,审视个人与故土之间的文化距离;第三类是为女性言说的辩护之辞,诗人直接为女性的坎坷命运发声,争取女性的独立地位与话语权。莱辛之诗与其小说、戏剧、文学批评一同构成了她的文学话语与美学实践的整体,从不同的视角书写了诗人基于个体经验与独立意识的现代女性寓言。

Doris Lessing is famous for her novels,and her poems are rarely known,but her poetry is an important way to understand her thought,feeling and expression as a feminist.Its themes include:first,the poem of trauma and nature,depicting female trauma with abundant images,and deconstructing traditional knowledge structure with natural ecological images,and The Grass is Singing and other novels constitute intertextuality with her poems.Secondly,the poems of exile and ramble show the micro-wandering emotion of individual women in the macro-geographical space,and examine the cultural distance between female wanderers and their native land.Third,the poetry of dialogue and defense,for women's voice,fighting for the right of women to speak.The poems of Lessing on individual experience and independent identity,together with her novels,plays and critical texts,constitute the whole of her female speech and aesthetic practice,and write the female fables based differently.