“被唤醒的灵魂”:贞女鲁克丽丝“变形记”

“An Awakened Soul”:The Metamorphoses of Lucrece as Good Woman

鲁克丽丝是古罗马王政末期的一位贵妇,以贞洁贤淑著称,但被王子塔昆所侮。她的受辱遭遇及自杀的结局引发了罗马人对国王塔昆的残暴统治的反抗,最后罗马人推翻暴政,建立了共和政体。值得关注的是,鲁克丽丝的形象引发了后世作家、艺术家的极大兴趣,如李维、奥维德、乔叟、莎士比亚、米德尔顿及海伍德等人都从不同角度来重塑这一女性形象。围绕鲁克丽丝形成的诸多文本尚未被系统探讨过,但它们具有广阔的跨学科空间,汇聚了女性观念、自我意识、诗画关系、生命政治及政治哲学等多重要素,也展现了这一在文本中被不断"变形"的形象背后的思想对话。

Lucrece was a noblewoman in the late Roman Kingdom,who was famous for her chastity but was raped by Tarquin the Prince.Her humiliated misfortune and suicide sparked Roman resistance against King Tarquin’s brutal rule,and finally,the Romans overthrew tyranny and established the Roman Republic.It is worth noting that the image of Lucrece has aroused great interest from later writers and artists,and they represented this woman from different perspectives,such as Livy,Ovid,Chaucer,Shakespeare,Middleton and Heywood.The so many works formed around Lucrece have not been systematically explored yet,but based on the historical evolution behind the image,they have a wealth of interdisciplinary space,which combining multiple factors such as female ideas,self-awareness,poetry and painting relations,life politics and political philosophy.