基于时滞非线性MGM模型的崩落法开采冒落高度预测研究

Caving height prediction of caving method based on time-delay nonlinear mgm model

崩落法开采引起的围岩冒落是一个复杂的过程,具有明显的时空属性。以夏甸金矿崩落法开采为工程背景首先基于时滞非线性MGM模型理论,建立了夏甸金矿崩落法开采围岩冒落高度预测模型,并确定了相关参数,计算结果显示,2015年崩落法开采结束后,围岩冒落带最高点为-241m,距离地表约364m。然后采用相似材料模拟的方法,对开采过程中围岩冒落演变过程进行了模拟,结果表明,围岩冒落呈现拱形上向冒落,随着覆盖层的不断增加流动,上盘断层大规模垮落后成为下分段矿体回采的覆盖层,反过来抑制了两侧围岩的冒落,冒落带最终形态呈现"头大尾小"的形态,冒落最高点为-246 m,最高点距地表372 m,与时滞非线性MGM模型计算结果基本相同,验证了该方法的可行性。本文为崩落法开采围岩冒落高度的预测提供了一种新的手段,对崩落法开采的围岩冒落规律研究及地表稳定性控制具有一定的理论和应用价值。

The surrounding rock caving caused by caving mining is a complex process with obvious temporal and spatial attributes.With the caving mining of Xiadian gold mine as the engineering background,based on the theory of time-delay non-linear MGM model,the prediction model of surrounding rock caving height in Xiadian gold mine caving mining has been established and the relevant parameters have been determined.The calculation results have shown that after the caving mining in 2015,the highest point of surrounding rock caving zone is-241 m,which is about 364 m away from the earth’s surface.Then the evolution process of surrounding rock caving in mining process has been reproduced through similar material simulation.The results have shown that the surrounding rock caving presents an arch-shaped upward caving.With the increasing flow of the overburden,the large-scale collapse of the upper wall fault becomes the overburden of the mining of the lower sublevel orebody,which in turn restrains the caving of the surrounding rock on both sides,and the final shape of the caving zone presents the characteristics of large head and small tail.The highest caving point is-246 m and the highest point is 372 m away from the earth’s surface,which is basically the same as the results of the time-delay non-linear MGM model.The feasibility of this method is verified.This paper provides a new method for predicting the caving height of surrounding rock in caving mining.It has a certain theoretical and practical value for the study of caving law of surrounding rock and the control of surface stability in caving mining.