我国器官捐献协调员工作模式分析

The Working Pattern of Organ Donation Coordinators in China

目前,我国器官捐献率过低导致移植器官供求矛盾加剧,器官捐献协调员的工作方法与模式成为提高器官捐献率的重要因素。协调员工作模式包括三个环节:发现潜在器官捐献者,询问家属捐献意向,同时对潜在捐献者评估,确认捐献。每一环节都需要遵守相应的工作准则:以理解为前提,以扭转潜在捐献者及家属对捐献的负面感观为重点,以家庭为本位。在遵守工作准则的基础上,可从器官捐献协调员的沟通技巧、协调员工作职责标准化、协调员管理高效化三个方面对其工作模式进行优化。探讨器官捐献协调员的工作环节和准则合理性,细化并完善其工作机制,对于提升器官捐献率和捐献质量具有积极意义。

With the legal ban on the use of organs of death row and the low organ donation rate,the contradiction between the supply and the demand of transplanted organs has intensified,which makes the proper working pattern of organ donation coordinators an important way to increase the donation rate. The working pattern of coordinators includes three links: founding potential donors,evaluating donors as well as asking their family members about their donation intention,and verifying their intention. At each stage,the coordinator faces the corresponding dilemma and needs to abide by the corresponding working guidelines,including working on the premise of understanding,focusing on reversing the perception of donation by potential donors and family members,and taking the family-centered orientation. Based on work guidelines,the strategies optimizing the"working pattern"were proposed,that is,communication skills of the coordinators,standardized working responsibilities,and efficient management. The paper attaches importance to the logical reasoning of the working steps and guidelines of the coordinators,and proposes a refined path for the working pattern of the donation coordinator,providing important implications to improve the donation rate and quality of organ donation.