社保缴费与企业管理数字化

Social Security Contribution and Corporate Digital Transformation

本文以2008-2019年我国A股制造业上市公司为样本,考察社保缴费如何影响企业管理数字化。研究发现,企业为其雇员多缴纳1%的社会保险、其管理数字化投入相应增加约0.33%。区分人力成本和人力资本作用机制发现,社保缴费提升管理数字化的逻辑主要在于替代重复性工作的劳动力,但吸引高技能劳动力以拓展管理数字化应用场景也发挥了部分中介作用。进一步分析表明,该作用因劳动密集型与否、是否以盈利为首要目标、所处不同生命周期阶段以及成本转嫁能力强弱而呈现明显差异。本文还发现不同于到手工资,社保缴费可通过优化员工激励契约影响企业管理数字化。本文既拓展了现有研究认识,也有助于政府及企业妥善应对社保缴费压力和数字化转型困境。

Using the sample of listed manufacturing Chinese companies from 2008 to 2019,we investigate the impact of social security contribution on the corporate digital transformation.We find that companies invest more in the digital projects if they pay more social security fees for their employees.In terms of economic significance,a 1%increase in social security contribution,on average,will increase corporate investment on digital transformation by about 0.33%.The mechanism tests show that the effect is mainly driven by the increasing human cost arising from social security contribution,but more social security also attract more high-skill labor and therefore lead firm to invest more on digital transformation.Moreover,we find that the effect of social security contribution on corporate digital transformation is more pronounced for labor-intensive firms,private-owned firms,growing stage firms,and higher customer concentration firms.In the last,we demonstrate that social security contribution,different from take-home pay,can increase corporate digital transformation by optimizing the incentive contracts of employees.Overall,our results provide new ideas for governments and managers to proper understand the financial pressure of social security contribution and the dilemma of digital transformation.