人工湿地去除水中抗生素的研究进展

Research Progress on Removal of Antibiotics from Water by Constructed Wetland

抗生素作为20世纪最重要的科学发现之一,为人类传染病的预防和治疗做出了重要贡献,但同时也带来了一系列问题。对抗生素的大量使用,一方面会导致细菌耐药性不断增强,从而使抗生素面临失效风险,另一方面还会带来严重的环境问题,例如抗生素可能通过污染水环境而威胁全球健康。为了解决抗生素的污染问题,各界学者已经开展了多项技术研究,其中人工湿地处理高效、成本低廉、易于维护,为水体抗生素的去除提供了一种创新思路,但是目前对人工湿地去除抗生素的机理研究仍然较为有限。本文重点介绍了水生环境中的抗生素污染问题以及人工湿地对水中抗生素的去除情况,同时分析了抗生素污染对人类社会的影响及给环境科学家带来的挑战,为进一步提高人工湿地对抗生素的去除效率提供了可靠的理论设计基础数据。

As one of the most important scientific discoveries of the 20th century,antibiotics have made important contributions to the prevention and treatment of human infectious diseases,but also brought a series of problems.On the one hand,the extensive use of antibiotics will lead to the increasing drug resistance of bacteria,which will make antibiotics face the risk.On the other hand,it will also bring serious environmental problems.For example,antibiotics may threaten global health by polluting the water environment.In order to solve the problem of antibiotic pollution in the aquatic environment,scholars from all walks of life have carried out a number of technical research.Among them,the constructed wetland treatment is efficient,low-cost and easy to maintain,which provides an innovative idea for removing antibiotics from water.However,at present,the research on the mechanism of removing antibiotics by a constructed wetland is still relatively limited.In this review,we focus on the problem of antibiotic pollution in aquatic environment and the removal of antibiotics in water by a constructed wetland.At the same time,we analyze the impact of antibiotic pollution on human society and the challenges to environmental scientists,which provides reliable theoretical design data and practical technical support for further improving the removal efficiency of antibiotics in constructed wetland.