浙江省高技术产业创新效率及其影响因素研究

Research on Innovation Efficiency and Influencing Factors of High-tech Industries in Zhejiang Province

高技术产业是创新驱动发展战略实施重要的一环。本文从创新效率角度出发,选取SBM超效率模型测算了浙江省11个地市2010-2018年技术研发效率、技术成果转化效率及技术创新综合效率值,并从企业规模、研发投入强度、研发人员占比、政府资金支持及技术外溢等五方面对浙江省高技术产业创新效率的影响进行实证分析。结果表明:宁波高技术产业创新效率维持较高水平。丽水创新效率呈下降趋势,发展后劲不足。杭州各效率值均排名省内中等,但呈现稳步上升态势。政府对产业扶持有助于提高研发的有效性,促进成果及时高质转为实际生产力。企业规模效应并未在高技术产业研发活动中发挥优势作用,但有助于将科技成果转化为实际生产力。外溢资金支出将会对自主研发有挤出作用,却有助于企业更好地借助技术外溢将研发成果转为实际生产力。盲入投入研发资金、研发人员只会导致资源得不到合理利用,自主研发及技术成果转化产出不足。

The development of high-tech industry is an important part of the implementation of innovationdriven development strategy.From the perspective of innovation efficiency,the paper selects SBM super efficiency model to calculate 2010-2018 technology R&D efficiency,Conversion efficiency of technological achievements and comprehensive efficiency value of 11 cities of Zhejiang province,and analyses how the enterprise scale,the strength of research and development,research and development personnel accounted for,government financial support and technology spillover and so on impact on innovation efficiency of high-tech industry in Zhejiang province.The results show that the innovation efficiency of high-tech industries in Ningbo maintains a high level.The innovation efficiency of Lishui is decreasing,and the development potential is insufficient.All efficiency values of Hangzhou rank in the middle of the province,but maintain in a steady rising trend.Government support for industry is conducive to improving the effectiveness of R&D and promotes the timely conversion of high quality results into actual productivity.The scale effect of enterprises does not play a dominant role in the R&D activities of high-tech industries,but it helps to translate scientific and technological achievements into actual productivity.Spillovers will crowd out independent R&D,but will help companies better to use technology spillovers to turn R&D results into real productivity.Blind input of R&D funds and R&D personnel will lead to unreasonable utilization of resources and insufficient output of independent R&D and transformation of technological achievements.