徂徕山林场的雷击火灾风险区划及防护建议

Risk Zoning and Protection Suggestions of Lightning Fire in Culaishan Forest Farm

为准确把握徂徕山林场区域雷电规律,减少或避免因雷击而引发的森林火灾、古建筑物损坏、人员伤亡等损失,依据闪电定位数据资料,综合Arcgis和数据的回归分析、数理统计等方法进行分析。结果表明:(1)泰安年平均地闪密度为1.39次/km2·a,徂徕山林场年平均地闪密度为1.42次/km2·a。徂徕山林场位于泰安市雷电灾害风险区划高值区西侧边缘,马头山沟以北和主峰太平顶周围属于地闪密度高值区。(2)闪电密度的高低与海拔有一定关系,总体上呈现闪电密度随海拔增高而逐渐增强特点。(3)雷电活动季节性分布特征明显,8月份地闪活动最频繁。(4)地闪活动日变化特征显示地闪高峰时段是20~22时。(5)地闪平均电流强度为11.92 k A,最大地闪强度出现在太平顶西北方向,电流强度达到-126.791 k A。对该结果分析后得出太平顶、锦罗和光华寺林区所在区域遭雷击火灾风险较高。结合区划分布和林场的实际特点,给出徂徕山林场的雷击火灾防护建议。

In order to accurately grasp the lightning law in the forest farm area of Culaishan,reduce or avoid the loss of forest fire,ancient buildings damage,casualties and other losses caused by lightning stroke,the analysis is conducted based on the lightning location data,combined with the regression analysis,mathematical statistics and other methods of ArcGIS and data.The results show that:(1)The annual average ground flash density is 1.39 times/km~2·a in Tai’an and 1.42 times/km~2·a in Culaishan forest farm.Culaishan forest farm is located in the west edge of the high value area of lightning disaster risk zoning in Tai’an City,and the north of Matoushan gully and the surrounding area of the main peak taipingding belong to the high value area of lightning density.(2)There is a certain relationship between the lightning density and the altitude.Generally,the lightning density increases with the altitude.(3)The seasonal distribution of lightning activity is obvious,and the most frequent lightning activity is in August.(4)The daily variation characteristics of the lightning activity show that the peak period of the lightning is 16~21 h.(5)The average lightning current intensity is 11.92 k A,and the maximum lightning intensity appears in the northwest of the Taiping roof,and the current intensity reaches-126.791 kA.The results show that the fire risk of Taipingding,Jinluo and Guanghuasi forest areas is high.Combined with the regional distribution and the actual characteristics of the forest farm,the paper gives some suggestions on the lightning protection and fire protection of Culaishan forest farm.