不同湿地植物对重金属的富集规律研究

Study on the Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Different Wetland Plants

采用垂直潜流沸石填料人工湿地装置,研究不同湿地植物对重金属的富集特征。在3个湿地实验装置中分别种植美人蕉、风车草和香蒲,采用蠕动泵间歇式进水。在持续7个月的运行后,采集植物样本,分析须根、根状茎、叶、茎的重金属含量。实验结果表明,美人蕉对铅、铬的富集能力和转移能力均较好,各器官对4种重金属的富集能力依次为:须根>根状茎>叶>茎。风车草对铜和锌的富集能力较强,而对锌和铬的转移能力则比较强,铅、铜、铬在风车草各器官重金属浓度分布为:须根>茎>叶,对于锌则是:须根>叶>茎。香蒲对铜和铬的富集能力较强,对4种重金属的转移能力均较好(TF>1),对于铅、铜、铬香蒲各器官浓度分布为:叶>须根>根状茎,对于锌则是:须根>叶>根状茎。

The vertical wetland zeolite filler artificial wetland device is used to study the accumulation of heavy metals in different wetland plants.Canna,windmill and cattail are planted in three wetland experimental devices,and peristaltic pumps were used for intermittent water inflow.After 7 months of operation,plant samples are taken and analyzed for heavy metal content in the roots,rhizomes,leaves and stems.The experimental results show that the cane and chromium have good enrichment ability and transfer ability,and the enrichment ability of each organ to four heavy metals is:roots>rhizomes>leaves>stems.Windmill grass has strong enrichment ability for copper and zinc,but has strong transfer ability to zinc and chromium.The distribution of heavy metals in lead,copper and chromium in windmills is:roots>stems>leaves,for zinc:fibrous roots>leaves>stems.Typha has strong enrichment ability for copper and chromium,and has good transfer ability to four heavy metals(TF>1).For the concentration distribution of lead,copper and chrome,the concentration distribution of each organ is:leaf>stem>rhizome,for Zinc is:fibrous roots>leaves>rhizomes.