从《论题篇》与《修辞学》看亚里士多德的“论题”概念

On Aristotle’s Concept of“Topic”in the Perspective of Topics and Rhetoric

无论是对于逻辑学研究还是论证理论研究,"论题"都是极其重要的一个概念。但遗憾的是,当今学界还没有对"论题"的含义、作用等问题达成一致意见。"论题"概念始于亚里士多德,主要出现在《论题篇》和《修辞学》两部著作中,由于涉及不同的话语行为,两部作品中的"论题"并非完全相同。首先考察了两部著作中"论题"概念的含义,继而对两种含义进行了比较,并从它们的共性和差异中得出符合亚里士多德"论题"概念本意的结论。

Whether for the research of logic or the argumentation theory,“topic”is an extremely important concept.However,it is a pity that no consensus has been reached on the meaning and function of“topic”in today’s academic circles.The concept of“topic”originated from Aristotle and mainly appeared in his two works of Topics and Rhetoric.Due to the different types of discourse acts involved,the meaning of the“topic”in the two works is not completely the same.This paper first examines the meanings of the concept of“topic”in the two works,then compares the two meanings,and draws a conclusion that we believe it is in line with the original intention of Aristotle’s concept of“topic”.